.research-page{color:var(--public-ink);background:var(--public-paper);font-family:var(--font-sans);font-weight:400;padding-top:124px;min-height:100svh}.research-page *{box-sizing:border-box}.research-page a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:4px}.research-page a:hover{color:var(--public-accent)}.research-page a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--public-accent);outline-offset:5px}.research-page [id]{scroll-margin-top:105px}.research-skip{position:fixed;top:-100px;left:20px;z-index:100;background:var(--public-paper);padding:12px}.research-skip:focus{top:16px}.research-footer,.research-header,.research-library{width:min(880px,calc(100% - 48px));margin-inline:auto}.research-local-nav{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;font-size:13px;margin-bottom:58px}.research-local-nav a{text-decoration:none}.research-eyebrow,.research-kicker{font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;letter-spacing:.055em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--public-muted);margin:0 0 16px}.research-header h1{font-size:clamp(34px,4vw,54px);font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.045em;line-height:1.12;margin:0 0 22px;text-wrap:balance}.research-subtitle{font-size:21px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--public-muted);margin:0 0 28px;max-width:760px}.research-publication-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.7;margin:6px 0;color:var(--public-muted)}.research-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--public-line);padding-bottom:36px}.research-paper-body{width:min(740px,calc(100% - 48px));margin:0 auto}.research-figure{margin-block:40px 12px;break-inside:avoid}.research-figure--cover{width:min(1040px,calc(100% - 48px));margin-inline:auto}.research-figure--inline{width:min(880px,calc(100vw - 48px));margin-inline:0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%)}.research-figure img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto}.research-figure figcaption{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 24px;padding-top:12px;color:var(--public-muted);font-size:12px;line-height:1.7}.research-figure figcaption>span:first-child{flex:1 1 300px}.research-figure-credit{flex:0 0 auto}.research-page h2{font-size:25px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.025em;line-height:1.4;margin:0 0 22px;text-wrap:pretty}.research-page h3{font-size:20px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.45;margin:0 0 14px}.research-paper-body p{font-size:17px;line-height:1.9;margin:0 0 22px;overflow-wrap:break-word}.research-abstract{padding:36px 0 30px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--public-line)}.research-abstract h2,.research-contents h2{font-size:17px;letter-spacing:0}.research-abstract p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.85}.research-paper-body .research-scope{font-size:13px;color:var(--public-muted);margin-bottom:0}.research-contents{padding:30px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--public-line);font-size:14px;line-height:1.7}.research-takeaways{padding-top:30px}.research-takeaways ul{padding-left:22px;list-style:disc;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8}.research-takeaways li{padding:0 0 10px 4px}.research-contact{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(0,1fr);align-items:center;gap:clamp(24px,4vw,80px);width:100%;min-height:560px;padding:clamp(48px,6vw,112px) clamp(20px,5vw,100px);border-block:1px solid var(--public-line);margin-top:80px;background:var(--public-surface);isolation:isolate;overflow:hidden}.research-contact-copy{position:relative;z-index:1;max-width:840px}.research-page .research-contact h2{margin:24px 0;font-size:clamp(36px,3.6vw,72px);font-weight:400;line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.045em;text-wrap:balance}.research-contact-description{max-width:610px;margin:0 0 32px;font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--public-muted)}.research-contact .research-contact-button{height:auto;min-height:54px;max-width:100%;padding:16px 24px;gap:28px;background:var(--public-ink);color:var(--public-paper);font-size:15px;font-weight:500;white-space:normal;text-align:left;text-decoration:none}.research-contact-art{position:relative;height:clamp(380px,38vw,640px);min-width:0}.research-contact-art canvas,.research-contact-fallback{display:block;position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%}.research-contact-art canvas{opacity:0}.research-contact-art[data-ready=true] canvas{opacity:1}.research-contact-fallback{color:var(--public-accent);opacity:.65}.research-contact-art[data-ready=true] .research-contact-fallback{display:none}.research-contact .research-contact-motion{position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;color:var(--public-muted);background:transparent;border-color:var(--public-line-strong)}@media (max-width:700px){.research-contact{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px;margin-top:48px;min-height:0}.research-contact-art{height:300px}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.research-contact-motion{display:none}}.research-contents ol{column-count:2;column-gap:48px;margin:0 0 16px;padding-left:22px;list-style:decimal}.research-contents li{break-inside:avoid;padding:0 0 8px 3px}.research-contents a{text-decoration:none}.research-contents a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.research-chapter{padding-top:42px}.research-chapter h2 span{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.research-chapter p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.research-inline-source{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--public-line-strong);text-decoration-thickness:1px}.research-inline-source:hover{text-decoration-color:currentColor}.research-comparison{margin:32px 0}.research-checklist h3,.research-comparison h3{font-size:18px;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 18px}.research-comparison-base{width:100%;overflow:visible}.research-comparison-table{width:100%;min-width:0;table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse}.research-comparison[data-columns="4"] .research-comparison-base{overflow-x:auto}.research-comparison[data-columns="4"] .research-comparison-table{min-width:700px}.research-comparison[data-columns="4"] .research-comparison-cell:first-child,.research-comparison[data-columns="4"] .research-comparison-heading:first-child{width:23%}.research-paper-body .research-comparison-scroll-hint{display:none}@media (max-width:800px){.research-paper-body .research-comparison-scroll-hint{display:block;margin:0 0 12px;color:var(--public-muted);font-size:13px;line-height:1.6}}.research-comparison-table .research-comparison-cell,.research-comparison-table .research-comparison-heading{padding:16px 18px;color:var(--public-ink);font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.75;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:break-word;border-bottom:1px solid var(--public-line);border-radius:0}.research-page:lang(de) .research-comparison-cell,.research-page:lang(de) .research-comparison-heading{hyphens:auto}.research-comparison-table .research-comparison-heading{background:var(--public-surface);font-weight:500;border-top:1px solid var(--public-line)}.research-comparison-cell:first-child,.research-comparison-heading:first-child{width:33%;padding-left:0}.research-comparison-cell:first-child{font-weight:500}.research-comparison-cell:last-child,.research-comparison-heading:last-child{padding-right:0}.research-pullquote{margin:32px 0;padding:8px 0 8px 24px;border-left:2px solid var(--public-line-strong)}.research-paper-body .research-pullquote p{margin:0;font-size:24px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:-.025em}.research-checklist{margin:32px 0;padding:24px 0;border-block:1px solid var(--public-line)}.research-checklist ol{margin:0;padding-left:24px;list-style:decimal}.research-checklist li{padding:8px 0 8px 10px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8}.research-chart{margin:28px 0 10px;padding:24px 0;border-block:1px solid var(--public-line);break-inside:avoid}.research-chart h3{font-size:17px;letter-spacing:0;margin-bottom:22px}.research-chart .research-eyebrow{font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;color:var(--public-muted);margin-bottom:10px}.research-chart-axis{position:relative;height:20px;margin:0 70px 12px 110px;color:var(--public-muted);font-size:12px}.research-chart-axis span{position:absolute}.research-chart-bars{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.research-chart-bars li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:100px minmax(0,1fr) 60px;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:13px;margin-bottom:16px}.research-chart-bars li>span:last-child{text-align:right;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.research-chart-track{position:relative;border-bottom:1px solid var(--public-line);height:20px}.research-chart-bar{position:absolute;display:block;height:100%;background:var(--public-muted)}.research-chart-zero{position:absolute;height:calc(100% + 8px);top:-4px;border-left:1px solid var(--public-line-strong)}.research-paper-body .research-fine{font-size:12px;line-height:1.75;color:var(--public-muted);margin:20px 0 10px}.research-chart-source{font-size:12px;line-height:1.7}.research-references{--reference-gutter:clamp(20px,3vw,64px);width:100%;margin-top:64px;padding:48px var(--reference-gutter) 56px;border-block:1px solid var(--public-line)}.research-references-heading{display:flex;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px 64px;margin-bottom:36px}.research-read-further,.research-read-further+.research-references{margin-top:0;border-top:0}.research-read-further-bottom{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;margin-top:auto;font-size:13px;line-height:1.6}.research-references-heading h2{margin:0;font-size:clamp(25px,2.5vw,38px);line-height:1.25}.research-references-heading>p{max-width:480px;margin:0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--public-muted)}.research-source-rail{margin-right:calc(-1 * var(--reference-gutter))}.research-source-grid{--source-gap:28px;--visible-sources:3.5;--visible-gaps:3;display:grid;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-auto-columns:calc((100% + var(--reference-gutter) - var(--visible-gaps) * var(--source-gap)) / var(--visible-sources));gap:var(--source-gap);overflow-x:auto;overscroll-behavior-x:contain;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;scrollbar-width:none;padding:0 var(--reference-gutter) 0 0;margin:0;list-style:none}.research-source-grid::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.research-source-grid:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--public-ink);outline-offset:4px}.research-source-grid>li{min-width:0;scroll-snap-align:start}.research-source-controls{display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;gap:12px;padding:28px var(--reference-gutter) 0 0}.research-source-arrow{color:var(--public-ink);background:transparent;border-color:var(--public-line);font-size:22px;min-width:44px;width:44px;height:44px}.research-source-card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100%;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--public-line)}.research-source-image{aspect-ratio:8/5;overflow:hidden;background:var(--public-surface)}.research-source-image img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.research-source-image[data-fit=contain] img{object-fit:contain;padding:20px}.research-source-content{display:flex;flex:1;flex-direction:column;padding:24px 0}.research-reference-publisher{color:var(--public-muted);font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;margin:0 0 12px}.research-source-content h3{font-size:clamp(19px,1.55vw,25px);line-height:1.4;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:0 0 14px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.research-source-description{color:var(--public-muted);font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;margin:0 0 24px}.research-source-open{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;margin-top:auto;font-size:13px;line-height:1.6}.research-source-card:hover h3{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px}.research-source-cover{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;height:100%;padding:clamp(20px,2.4vw,40px);color:var(--public-ink);border:1px solid var(--public-line)}.research-source-cover>span:first-child{font-size:12px}.research-source-cover>span:nth-child(2){font-size:clamp(16px,1.6vw,24px);line-height:1.35;letter-spacing:-.025em}.research-source-cover>span:last-child{align-self:flex-end}@media (max-width:1000px){.research-source-grid{--visible-sources:2.5;--visible-gaps:2}.research-references-heading{flex-direction:column;gap:16px}}@media (max-width:620px){.research-references{margin-top:40px;padding-block:32px}.research-source-grid{--visible-sources:1.15;--visible-gaps:1;--source-gap:20px}.research-source-content h3{font-size:22px}.research-source-cover>span:nth-child(2){font-size:20px}}.research-editorial-note{border-block:1px solid var(--public-line);padding-block:24px;margin-top:36px}.research-editorial-note h2{font-size:17px;letter-spacing:0;margin-bottom:14px}.research-editorial-note p,.research-paper-body .research-editorial-note p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--public-muted);margin:0 0 14px}.research-editorial-note a{font-size:14px;line-height:1.7}.research-related{margin:32px 0 60px}.research-related p{font-size:12px;color:var(--public-muted);margin-bottom:8px}.research-related a{font-size:17px}.research-footer{display:flex;gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:28px 0 36px;border-top:1px solid var(--public-line);font-size:12px}.research-footer a{text-decoration:none}.research-footer a:first-child{margin-right:auto}.research-library{padding-block:36px 60px}.research-library-intro{max-width:700px;margin-bottom:32px}.research-library-intro h2{font-size:20px}.research-library-intro p,.research-publication-content>p:not(.research-kicker){font-size:16px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--public-muted);margin-bottom:20px}.research-publication{border-top:1px solid var(--public-line);padding-block:28px}.research-publication--with-image{display:grid;grid-template-columns:38% minmax(0,1fr);align-items:center;gap:32px}.research-publication-image{display:block;aspect-ratio:8/5}.research-publication-image img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.research-publication-content{min-width:0}.research-publication h2{margin-bottom:12px}.research-publication h2 a{text-decoration:none}.research-publication h2 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.research-publication-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.6}.research-publication-bottom span{color:var(--public-muted)}@media (max-width:620px){.research-comparison-table .research-comparison-cell,.research-comparison-table .research-comparison-heading{padding:12px 10px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.65}.research-comparison-cell:first-child,.research-comparison-heading:first-child{width:35%}.research-paper-body .research-pullquote p{font-size:21px}.research-publication--with-image{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px}.research-figure--cover{width:calc(100% - 40px)}.research-figure--inline{width:calc(100vw - 40px)}.research-figure{margin-block:28px 10px}.research-page{padding-top:100px}.research-footer,.research-header,.research-library,.research-paper-body{width:calc(100% - 40px)}.research-local-nav{margin-bottom:36px}.research-header h1{font-size:34px}.research-subtitle{font-size:18px}.research-publication-meta{font-size:12px}.research-paper-body p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.85}.research-page h2{font-size:22px}.research-abstract h2,.research-contents h2,.research-editorial-note h2{font-size:17px}.research-contents ol{column-count:1}.research-chart-bars li{grid-template-columns:84px minmax(0,1fr) 48px;gap:8px;font-size:12px}.research-chart-axis{margin-inline:92px 56px}.research-publication-bottom{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px}.research-footer{gap:18px}.research-footer a:first-child{width:100%}}@media print{.research-figure--cover,.research-figure--inline{width:100%;left:auto;transform:none}.research-figure img{max-height:85mm;object-fit:contain}@page{margin:18mm}.research-page,body{background:white!important;color:black!important}.public-nav,.public-nav-shell,.research-footer,.research-local-nav,.research-related,.research-skip,body>header,body>nav{display:none!important}.research-page{padding:0}.research-header,.research-library,.research-paper-body{width:100%;max-width:none}.research-header h1{font-size:28pt}.research-paper-body p{font-size:11pt;line-height:1.6;orphans:3;widows:3}.research-page h2{font-size:16pt;break-after:avoid}.research-page h3{break-after:avoid}.research-page a{color:black}.research-chart-bar{background:#444!important;print-color-adjust:exact;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact}.research-checklist,.research-comparison-table tr,.research-pullquote,.research-references li{break-inside:avoid}.research-references{padding-inline:0}.research-source-grid{display:block;overflow:visible;padding:0}.research-source-rail{margin:0}.research-source-controls{display:none}.research-contact{display:block;min-height:0;padding:24px 0;background:none;break-inside:avoid}.research-contact-art{display:none}.research-page .research-contact h2{font-size:18pt}.research-source-image{display:none}.research-source-card{display:block}.research-source-card:after{content:" (" attr(href) ")";font-size:9pt}}